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Part I Network Services Topics Part II Accessing Network File Systems Topics 4. Managing Network File Systems (Overview) 5. Network File System Administration (Tasks) 6. Accessing Network File Systems (Reference) 8. Planning and Enabling SLP (Tasks) 10. Incorporating Legacy Services Part V Serial Networking Topics 15. Solaris PPP 4.0 (Overview) 16. Planning for the PPP Link (Tasks) 17. Setting Up a Dial-up PPP Link (Tasks) 18. Setting Up a Leased-Line PPP Link (Tasks) 19. Setting Up PPP Authentication (Tasks) 20. Setting Up a PPPoE Tunnel (Tasks) 21. Fixing Common PPP Problems (Tasks) 22. Solaris PPP 4.0 (Reference) Using PPP Options in Files and on the Command Line Configuring User-Specific Options Specifying Information for Communicating With the Dial-in Server Configuring Modem Speed for a Dial-up Link Authenticating Callers on a Link Creating an IP Addressing Scheme for Callers Creating PPPoE Tunnels for DSL Support 23. Migrating From Asynchronous Solaris PPP to Solaris PPP 4.0 (Tasks) 25. Administering UUCP (Tasks) Part VI Working With Remote Systems Topics 27. Working With Remote Systems (Overview) 28. Administering the FTP Server (Tasks) 29. Accessing Remote Systems (Tasks) Part VII Monitoring Network Services Topics |
Defining the Conversation on the Dial-up LinkThe dial-out machine and its remote peer communicate across the PPP link by negotiating and exchanging various instructions. When configuring a dial-out machine, you need to determine what instructions are required by the local and remote modems. Then you create a file that is called a chat script that contains these instructions. This section discusses information about configuring modems and creating chat scripts. Contents of the Chat ScriptEach remote peer that the dial-out machine needs to connect to probably requires its own chat script. Note - Chat scripts are typically used only on dial-up links. Leased-line links do not use chat scripts unless the link includes an asynchronous interface that requires startup configuration. The contents of the chat script are determined by the requirements of your modem model or ISDN TA, and the remote peer. These contents appear as a set of expect-send strings. The dial-out machine and its remote peers exchange the strings as part of the communications initiation process. An expect string contains characters that the dial-out host machine expects to receive from the remote peer to initiate conversation. A send string contains characters that the dial-out machine sends to the remote peer after receiving the expect string. Information in the chat script usually includes the following:
Chat Script ExamplesThis section contains chat scripts that you can use as a reference for creating your own chat scripts. The modem manufacturer's guide and information from your ISP and other target hosts contain chat requirements for the modem and your target peers. In addition, numerous PPP web sites have sample chat scripts. Basic Modem Chat ScriptThe following is a basic chat script that you can use as a template for creating your own chat scripts. ABORT BUSY ABORT 'NO CARRIER' REPORT CONNECT TIMEOUT 10 "" AT&F1M0&M5S2=255 SAY "Calling myserver\n" TIMEOUT 60 OK "ATDT1-123-555-1212" ogin: pppuser ssword: \q\U % pppd The next table describes the contents of the chat script.
/etc/ppp/myisp-chat.tmpl Chat Script TemplateSolaris PPP 4.0 includes the /etc/ppp/myisp-chat.tmpl, which you can modify for use at your site. /etc/ppp/myisp-chat.tmpl is similar to the basic modem chat script except that the template does not include a login sequence. ABORT BUSY ABORT 'NO CARRIER' REPORT CONNECT TIMEOUT 10 "" "AT&F1" OK "AT&C1&D2" SAY "Calling myisp\n" TIMEOUT 60 OK "ATDT1-123-555-1212" CONNECT \c
Modem Chat Script for Calling an ISPUse the next chat script as a template for calling an ISP from a dial-out machine with a U.S. Robotics Courier modem. ABORT BUSY ABORT 'NO CARRIER' REPORT CONNECT TIMEOUT 10 "" AT&F1M0&M5S2=255 SAY "Calling myisp\n" TIMEOUT 60 OK "ATDT1-123-555-1212" CONNECT \c \r \d\c SAY "Connected; running PPP\n" The following table describes the contents of the chat script.
Basic Chat Script Enhanced for a UNIX-Style LoginThe next chat script is a basic script that is enhanced for calling a remote Solaris peer or other UNIX-type peer. This chat script is used in How to Create the Instructions for Calling a Peer. SAY "Calling the peer\n" TIMEOUT 10 ABORT BUSY ABORT 'NO CARRIER' ABORT ERROR REPORT CONNECT "" AT&F1&M5S2=255 TIMEOUT 60 OK ATDT1-123-555-1234 CONNECT \c SAY "Connected; logging in.\n" TIMEOUT 5 ogin:--ogin: pppuser TIMEOUT 20 ABORT 'ogin incorrect' ssword: \qmypassword "% " \c SAY "Logged in. Starting PPP on peer system.\n" ABORT 'not found' "" "exec pppd" ~ \c The following table explains the parameters of the chat script.
Starting PPP right after the CONNECT \c is often called a PAP login by ISPs, though the PAP login is actually not part of PAP authentication. The phrase ogin:--ogin: pppuser instructs the modem to send the user name pppuser in response to the login prompt from the dial-in server. pppuser is a special PPP user account name that was created for remote user1 on the dial-in server. For instructions about creating PPP user accounts on a dial-in server, refer to How to Configure Users of the Dial-in Server. Chat Script for External ISDN TAThe following chat script is for calling from a dial-out machine with a ZyXEL omni.net. ISDN TA. SAY "Calling the peer\n" TIMEOUT 10 ABORT BUSY ABORT 'NO CARRIER' ABORT ERROR REPORT CONNECT "" AT&FB40S83.7=1&K44&J3X7S61.3=1S0=0S2=255 OK ATDI18882638234 CONNECT \c \r \d\c SAY "Connected; running PPP\n" The following table explains the parameters of the chat script. Refer to the chat(1M) man page for descriptions of options and other detailed information about the chat script. For an explanation of expect-send strings, refer to Chat-Script Field in /etc/uucp/Systems File. For More Chat Script ExamplesA number of web sites offer sample chat scripts and assistance in creating the chat scripts. For example, see http://ppp.samba.org/ppp/index.html. Invoking the Chat ScriptYou call chat scripts by using the connect option. You can use connect "chat ..." in any PPP configuration file or on the command line. Chat scripts are not executable, but the program that is invoked by connect must be executable. You might use the chat utility as the program to be invoked by connect. In this instance, if you store the chat script in an external file through the -f option, then your chat script file is not executable. The chat program that is described in chat(1m) executes the actual chat script. The pppd daemon invokes the chat program whenever pppd encounters the connect "chat ..." option. Note - You can use any external program, such as Perl or Tcl, to create advanced chat scripts. Solaris PPP 4.0 provides the chat utility as a convenience. How to Invoke a Chat Script (Task)
You can place the entire chat script conversation on a single line, similar to the following: connect 'chat "" "AT&F1" OK ATDT5551212 CONNECT "\c"' The complete chat script follows the chat keyword. The script terminates with "\c"'. You use this form in any PPP configuration file or on the command line as an argument to pppd. More InformationChat Script in an External FileIf the chat script that is needed for a particular peer is long or complicated, consider creating the script as a separate file. External chat files are easy to maintain and to document. You can add comments to the chat file by preceding the comments with the hash (#) sign. The procedure How to Create the Instructions for Calling a Peer shows the use of a chat script that is contained in an external file. Creating a Chat File That Is ExecutableYou can create a chat file that is an executable script to be run automatically when the dial-up link is initiated. Thus, you can run additional commands during link initiation, such as stty for parity settings, besides the commands that are contained in a traditional chat script. This executable chat script logs in to an old-style UNIX system that requires 7 bits with even parity. The system then changes to 8 bits with no parity when running PPP. #!/bin/sh chat "" "AT&F1" OK "ATDT555-1212" CONNECT "\c" stty evenp chat ogin: pppuser ssword: "\q\U" % "exec pppd" stty -evenp How to Create an Executable Chat Program
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